The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on mental health parameters and metabolic profiles in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary

Background and aims: The  objective of  this investigation was to assess the effects of  probiotic and se- lenium co-supplementation on indicators of mental health and metabolic profiles in diabetic people with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Methods: This   randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 54  diabetic people with CHD. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 200 mg/day sele- nium plus 8 x 109  CFU/day probiotic  (n =27)  or placebo (n = 27)  for  12  weeks.

Results: Probiotic and selenium co-supplementation  significantly decreased Beck  Depression Inventory index (β_ 1.46; 95%  CI, _2.61, _0.31;  P= 0.01) and  Beck  Anxiety Inventory  index  (β_1.23;  95% CI, _2.33,     _0.12; P=0.02) compared with the placebo. Consuming probiotic plus selenium lowered fasting plasma glucose (β_10.80 mg/dL; 95% CI,_17.68,_3.92; P = 0.003), serum insulin levels (β_3.42 mIU/mL; 95% CI,_4.93, _1.90; P < 0.001), insulin resistance (β_0.96; 95% CI,_1.45, _0.47; P < 0.001), and enhanced insulin sensitivity (β  0.01; 95% CI, 0.007, 0.01; P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. Additionally, co-supplementation  reduced  triglycerides (β_34.45  mg/dL;  95%  CI,_56.18,_12.72; P=0.003), VLDL- (β_    6.89 mg/dL; 95% CI,_11.23,_2.54; P =0.003), total cholesterol (β_18.13 mg/dL; 95%  CI,_23.42,_2.83;  P =0.02) and  high sensitivity C-reactive protein  (β_1043.28  ng/mL;  95% CI,_1929.67,_156.89; P = 0.02), and increased nitric oxide (β 7.86 mmol/L; 95% CI, 5.63, 10.09; P < 0.001), total antioxidant capacity (β 119.30 mmol/L; 95%  CI, 63.04, 175.57; P < 0.001) and total glutathione (β 154.16 mmol/L; 95% CI, 82.57, 225.74; P < 0.001) compared with the placebo.

Conclusions: Probiotic  and selenium co-supplementation to diabetic people with CHD  improved in- dicators of mental health and metabolic profiles.